The study was conducted in Porbandar districts of Gujarat. The objective of study also examines trends, costs and returns structure, resource use efficiency in Porbandar district of Gujarat. The study was based on the primary data of 45 groundnut cultivators for the year 2014-15 The secondary data on area, production and productivity for period 1991-92 to 2013-14. The functional analysis was also carried out by using Cobb-Douglas type of production function. Further the study revealed that area, production and

productivity in case of kharif groundnut decline. The per hectare cost of cultivation for kharif groundnut was ` 50,434.33. Total benefit cost ratio of kharif groundnut was 1.12. The results of production function analysis indicated that the selected seven variables jointly explained 0.78% variation in production under kharif groundnut. The human labour(X1), manures(X4) and phosphorus (X6) fertilizer in kharif groundnut are significant variables. This indicates that there is scope to increase the use of these resources to increase the production. The results of resource use efficiencies indicated that the MVPs of human labour, manures and phosphorus in kharif  roundnut were more than unity. It indicates that, there is scope to increase

input level of these resource variables to maximize the output. Per quintal marketing cost of groundnut was ` 389.22 and the major items marketing cost of packaging charges and transport charges. The study revealed that the farmers were not fully aware of some of the components of groundnut production improved technology. To increase their yield levels, there is a need to increase adoption of recommended technologies like use of HYV and hybrid varieties, fertilizers, plant protection and other technologies

given by the Universities for increasing the groundnut productivity. There was a scope for extension agencies to educate the farmers for adopting recommended technologies.